Density measurement in liquids

Our ultrasonic measuring devices have no mechanical parts that can wear out or age. They have outstanding advantages over competing measurement methods for determining concentration and density.

The measuring method only requires precise time measurement. The speed of sound is calculated from the sound propagation time and the known distance between the transmitter and receiver. The typical sensor design includes transmitter and receiver in a compact housing.

The measuring method is independent of the conductivity, color and transparency of the liquid and is characterized by high reliability. The measuring accuracy of the devices is between 0.05 m% and 0.1 m%. In addition to the sonic velocity measurement, all LiquiSonic^® sensors have an integrated measurement of the temperature in the process.

Our LiquiSonic^® concentration and density meters are used in various processes for analyzing liquids.

In a typical case, a calibration curve is determined from the relationship or ratio between the speed of sound and the concentration. On this basis, the corresponding concentration is calculated from each measured sonic velocity value.

In comparison to alternative measurement techniques such as assessing viscosity, the use of a density meter presents universal application benefits, often proving to be both simpler and more cost-effective. Viscosity principally characterizes a liquid's flow characteristics, crucial in sectors where flow behavior and shear forces are significant, such as the food industry or lubricant manufacturing. In contrast, specific gravity as measured with a density meter is the preferred method when determining the exact composition or quality of a substance.

Density measurements provide a critical comparative advantage when analyzing substances in scenarios where traditional methods may fall short. For instance, within the realm of tight spaces, the applicability and accuracy of density-based assessments surpass those relying on the refractive index. While those measurements rely on the bending of light passing through fluids—requiring calibration and clear paths—the density measure utilizes a system that can operate effectively even in constrained environments. This adaptability makes density measurements an indispensable tool in various fields, including but not limited to chemical analysis and quality control processes. The precision afforded by density measurement tools ensures that professionals can rely on their readings, making it a preferred method for applications necessitating both strict precision and a high degree of reliability.

This is particularly relevant in the chemical and petrochemical industries, along with pharmaceutical manufacturing. Here, density meters, with their specific gravity sensors, provide invaluable information for substance identification, quality control, and monitoring of mixing processes. Even in ambient temperature conditions, a density meter remains a vital tool in areas demanding precise and reliable measurement results.

There are various methods that are used to determine density. Each of these methods has its own advantages and limitations, which is why they are suitable for different applications.

In the precision measurement of densities in liquids, particularly in industrial applications, the accuracy of the measurement methods used is of critical importance. This is especially true in hazardous areas where the presence of flammable materials or vapors requires strict safety protocols. The ability to collect reliable data under such conditions is not only essential for safety in the workplace, but also contributes significantly to maintaining product quality. Accurate density determination allows operators to monitor and control critical process parameters, increasing the efficiency of operations while minimizing the risk of material loss and potentially hazardous situations.

Hydrometric method of measuring density

This traditional method uses a hydrometer, a special measuring instrument that is immersed in the liquid to be measured. The principle is based on Archimedes' principle: the hydrometer sinks to different depths in the liquid depending on its density. The density can then be read directly from the scale of the hydrometer. This method is inexpensive and easy to use, but less accurate and prone to errors due to temperature fluctuations and human reading errors. It is not suitable for viscous liquids or solids and provides a qualitative rather than quantitative measurement.

Hydrostatic weighing method for determining density

In this method, an object is weighed in both air and a liquid. The density of the liquid is calculated by relating the buoyancy experienced by the object in the liquid to its weight in air. This method is accurate and reliable, but requires precise balances and is more time-consuming than other methods. It is particularly suitable for laboratory applications and for materials that require a high degree if accuracy in density measurement.